UNESCO World Heritage
UNESCO World Heritage
The World Heritage includes real estate heritage that has 'Outstanding Universal Value'
(OUV；Outstanding Universal Value)
Read more about the definition of the World Heritage
(OUV；Outstanding Universal Value)
The World Heritage includes real estate heritage that has 'Outstanding Universal Value' (OUV).
Therefore, movable cultural properties such as statues, crafts, paintings, etc. stored in museums located within the World Heritage areas and plants and/or animals are not included in the protection objects of the World Heritage.
In order for a heritage to be listed as a World Heritage, it must be of outstanding universal value, not limited to a single country. The World Heritage Operational Guidelines present the following 10 evaluation criteria for the Outstanding Value of a heritage.
Criteria Ⅰ to Ⅵ correspond to cultural heritage, and those Ⅶ to Ⅹ correspond to natural heritage.
In addition to these evaluation criteria, the cultural heritage must have authenticity in terms of materials and techniques. Further, both cultural and natural heritages must include various elements that can show the value of the heritage, and legal and institutional management policies must be established in order to be listed as World Heritage. The World Heritage listing criteria are summarized in the table below.
Therefore, movable cultural properties such as statues, crafts, paintings, etc. stored in museums located within the World Heritage areas and plants and/or animals are not included in the protection objects of the World Heritage.
In order for a heritage to be listed as a World Heritage, it must be of outstanding universal value, not limited to a single country. The World Heritage Operational Guidelines present the following 10 evaluation criteria for the Outstanding Value of a heritage.
Criteria Ⅰ to Ⅵ correspond to cultural heritage, and those Ⅶ to Ⅹ correspond to natural heritage.
In addition to these evaluation criteria, the cultural heritage must have authenticity in terms of materials and techniques. Further, both cultural and natural heritages must include various elements that can show the value of the heritage, and legal and institutional management policies must be established in order to be listed as World Heritage. The World Heritage listing criteria are summarized in the table below.
Read more about the definition of the World Heritage
World Heritage Listing Criteria
| Classification | Criteria | Cases | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cultural heritage | Ⅰ | The heritage should represent a masterpiece made with human creativity. | The Opera House, Australia |
| Ⅱ | The heritage should reflect significant exchanges of human values in architectural or technological advances, monumental fabrication, urban planning or landscape design over time or within certain cultures of the world. | Kolomenskoy Cathedral, Russia | |
| Ⅲ | The heritage should be unique, or at least exceptional evidence of a cultural tradition or civilization that exists or already disappeared. | Ruins of ayutthaya, Thailand | |
| IV | The heritage should be a representative example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble, or landscape that exemplifies a significant phase in human history. | Jongmyo, Korea | |
| Ⅴ | The heritage should be a representative example illustrating traditional habitats or uses of land or sea to represent the culture, human interaction or the environment, especially when it becomes vulnerable due to the impacts of irreversible change. | Old city of Gadames, Libya | |
| Ⅵ | The heritage should be directly or visibly related to events or existing traditions, ideas or beliefs, or works of art and literature having outstanding universal importance (Recommended to apply together with other criteria). | Atomic Bomb Dome in Hiroshima, Japan | |
| * Any cultural heritages are required to have authenticity (retention of original values in materials, techniques, etc.). | |||
| Natural heritage | Ⅶ | The heritage should include superlative natural phenomena or areas with outstanding natural beauty and aesthetic significance. | Kenya National Park, Jeju lava cave and volcanic islands |
| Ⅷ | The heritage should be representative case of major stages in Earth's history, including the record of life, major geological processes in the development of topography, and significant geomorphological or physiographic features. | Jeju lava cave and volcanic islands | |
| Ⅸ | The heritage should be representative of key ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, freshwater, coastal and marine ecosystems and animal and plant communities. | Kenya National Park | |
| Ⅹ | The heritage should encompass the most important and significant natural habitats necessary for conservation of biological diversity including those of currently endangered species with of outstanding universal value in viewpoints of science or conservation | Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuary, China | |
| Common | Integrity: should have enough elements to fully demonstrate the value of the heritage. | ||
| Protection and management system: Establishment of legal and administrative protection system, and buffer zone | |||
Listing criteria
The Dolmen Sites in Gochang·Hwasun·Ganghwa were built in 1000 B.C., and are megalithic cultural heritages for funerals and ancestral rites.
The Dolmens in these three regions show the technology and society of prehistoric times more vividly than any other relics in the world.